HMRC has resumed its programme allowing direct recovery of money from debtors' bank accounts.

The Direct Recovery of Debts (DRD) policy, which was paused during the Covid-19 pandemic, has restarted in a 'test and learn' phase', the tax authority has confirmed.

DRD targets individuals and businesses who can afford to pay their debts but deliberately choose not to, HMRC said.

This power enables HMRC to compel banks and building societies to transfer funds directly from a debtor's account. It applies to debts of £1,000 or more, with safeguards against undue hardship and for vulnerable customers.

Before debts are considered for recovery through DRD, every debtor will receive a face-to-face visit from HMRC agents to personally identify the taxpayer to confirm it is their debt and to discuss options to resolve the debt.

Safeguards include only taking action against those who have established debts, have passed the timetable for appeals, and have repeatedly ignored HMRC's attempts to make contact.

The safeguards also include leaving a minimum of £5,000 in the debtor's accounts to ensure that sufficient money is available to pay wages, mortgages or essential business or household expenses.

HMRC said:

'The vast majority of taxpayers pay their taxes in full and on time, but a minority choose not to pay, even though they have the means to do so.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

There is now less than a year until the UK Government introduces Vaping Products Duty (VPD) and vaping duty stamps (VDS) on 1 October 2026.

VPD, a new excise duty, will apply to all vaping liquids (or e-liquids) sold or supplied in the UK, at a flat rate of £2.20 per 10ml and VDS must be attached to individual vaping products.

From 1 April 2026, any business involved in the manufacture or importation of vaping products, or storage of duty-suspended vaping products, must apply for approval from HMRC. This will enable them to continue operating lawfully in the UK once VPD and the VDS Scheme come into effect.

With just six months until approval registration opens, HMRC is urging all affected businesses to prepare now to avoid disruption as approval may take up to 45 working days.

What this means for businesses:

• UK manufacturers of vaping products must apply for approval for both VPD and the VDS Scheme.
• Warehouse keepers will be able to apply for VDS Scheme approval directly.
• Overseas manufacturers must appoint a UK representative to apply for the VDS Scheme on their behalf.
• Importers will be required to pay the new duty. They must also register for VPD and the VDS Scheme if they are acting as a UK representative for an overseas manufacturer.

Rachel Nixon, HMRC's Director of Indirect Tax, said:

'We are working closely with the vaping sector ahead of these changes. Businesses are encouraged to visit GOV.UK and search 'prepare for vaping duty' to access guidance and updates. Early preparation is essential to ensure a smooth transition and to avoid disruption to operations.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has appointed six independent industry specialists to a new Research and Development (R&D) Expert Advisory Panel.

The introduction of the panel is one of a number of practical enhancements that the tax authority says will make it easier for UK firms to understand R&D tax relief.

R&D tax reliefs are valuable incentives designed to encourage businesses to invest in innovative science and technology projects, driving economic growth across the UK.

These improvements include an expanded reporting channel for agents; and a user-friendly free online tool to help businesses check their eligibility before submitting a R&D claim.

HMRC says that together, these enhancements are designed to support business innovation, improve claim accuracy, and strive to make the system work for everyone.

The new panel brings together experts with real world experience, offering deep sectoral knowledge across manufacturing, technological development, life sciences and AI, says HMRC.

Jonathan Athow, HMRC's Director General, Customer Strategy and Tax Design, said:

'HMRC welcomes the advisory panel and their sectoral insight and expertise. Along with the new guidance tool, we are delivering on feedback from agents and businesses, making it easier for genuine innovators to access the support they deserve, while protecting the system from abuse.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has opened up a service for landlords and self-employed to apply for exemption from Making Tax Digital (MTD) for Income Tax phase one.

From next April, people who are self-employed and landlords, and declare more than £50,000 of gross income in their 2024/25 self assessment tax return, will be legally required to follow the new MTD for Income Tax rules from April 2026 onwards.

Anyone who thinks they may be eligible for exemption must phone or write to HMRC. Third parties such as relatives and agents can do this on behalf of taxpayers if they are authorised. It will take up to 28 days for HMRC to respond with a decision.

Sharron West, Technical Officer at the Low Incomes Tax Reform Group (LITRG), said:

'Because HMRC will deal with applications on a case-by-case basis, we don't yet know how generous their interpretation of the rules will be, but we know that HMRC are keen to see as many people as possible manage their taxes online.

'If you are already exempt from MTD for VAT, HMRC say you should contact them when the exemption application process opens so they can check your circumstances and confirm if you'll also be exempt from MTD for Income Tax.

'The clock is ticking and it's time to get ready.'

Internet link: GOV.UK Chartered Institute of Taxation

New legislation aimed at tackling rogue tax agents and those pushing tax avoidance schemes won't catch all of those it is aimed at, warns the Chartered Institute of Taxation (CIOT).

Instead the measures could make it harder for some taxpayers to get the advice they need to comply with tax laws, the Institute added.

The CIOT argues that the current proposals are not well targeted, imposing potentially unworkable conditions on tax agents. Meanwhile, many of the 'bad actors' who are the real target of these measures will be out of scope and able to continue their abuse of the system, it adds.

The Institute says it is concerned that, without changes, the proposals will lead many reputable advisers to withdraw from giving advice where the meaning of complex tax legislation is unclear, or where the potential tax liability is high.

Ellen Milner, CIOT Director of Public Policy, said:

'The government are right to be taking a robust approach to those who continue to devise, promote or sell mass-marketed tax avoidance schemes. There should be no place for such people and their schemes in the tax services market.

'However, the current proposals are set to miss their target. According to HMRC, the market for tax avoidance schemes is now dominated by about 20 operators. These people are not mainstream tax and accountancy professionals and are largely based overseas. The legislation as drafted will struggle to capture these people.'

Internet link: CIOT

Over 750,000 18-to-23-year-olds have yet to claim their matured Child Trust Funds, according to HMRC.

The tax authority says that the accounts are worth £2,242 each on average.

Child Trust Funds are long term, tax-free savings accounts which were set up for children born between 1 September 2002 and 2 January 2011 with an initial government deposit of at least £250.

Young people can take control of their account at 16, but once the account holder turns 18 it matures, and they can decide whether they want to withdraw the money or re-invest it.

Young people can use the GOV.UK locator tool to find their Child Trust Fund quickly and for free. It requires the young person's National Insurance number and date of birth.

More than 563,000 young people went online to find their Child Trust Fund in the 12 months to the end of August 2025, says HMRC.

It takes about five minutes to submit a request to find a Child Trust Fund using the online tool and, for most, less than three weeks to hear back.

Angela MacDonald, HMRC's Second Permanent Secretary and Deputy Chief Executive, said:

'If you're between 18 and 23, you could be sat on a savings payout and not even realise it. Just search 'find my Child Trust Fund' on GOV.UK to find your savings account today.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has published the latest issue of the Employer Bulletin. The October issue has information on various topics, including:

• Making your PAYE Settlement Agreement payment.
• Guidance for labour supply chains featuring umbrella companies.
• New Advisory Electric Rate for fully electric company cars.
• Spotlight 71 - Warning for agency workers and contractors who are moved between umbrella companies.
• 'Tax Help for Hustles' campaign - new resources for employees.
• Update on Winter Fuel Payments recovery through the tax system.

Internet link: GOV.UK

Chancellor Rachel Reeves has been urged to cut National Insurance contributions (NICs) and increase Income Tax to create a 'level playing field' and protect workers' pay.

The Resolution Foundation said the Chancellor should make a 2p cut to NICs as well as a 2p rise in Income Tax in the Autumn Budget.

The think tank said the move would help to address 'unfairness' in the tax system.

Adam Corlett, Principal Economist at the Resolution Foundation, said: 'Significant tax rises will be needed for the Chancellor to send a clear signal that the UK's public finances are under control.

'Any tax rises are likely to be painful but given the fallout from the recent employer NICs rise, the Chancellor should do all she can to avoid loading further pain onto workers' pay packets.

'She can do this by switching our tax base away from employee NICs and onto Income Tax, which is paid by a far broader group in society. This should form part of wider efforts to level the playing field on tax, such as ensuring that lawyers and landlords face the same tax rates as their clients and tenants.

'These sensible reforms would raise revenue while doing the least possible harm to workers and the wider economy. And by acting decisively, the Chancellor can turn her full attention back onto securing stronger economic growth.'

Internet link: Resolution Foundation

The government's Budget Board must focus on easing the cost of doing business, says the Institute of Directors (IoD).

The board has been created to link top ministers and 10 Downing Street officials with the Treasury in the run up to the Autumn Budget on 26 November.

The board will meet weekly and will be chaired by the Prime Minister's new economic advisor Baroness Minouche Shafik and Treasury Minister Torsten Bell.

Anna Leach, Chief Economist at the IoD, said:

'We are glad to see the government putting renewed energy into the growth agenda with a particular focus on business.

'It is positive that the government has announced the creation of this body, bringing together teams across Number 10 and the Treasury, focussed on ensuring that the Autumn Budget delivers vitality to the economy.

'Business confidence has fallen to historically low levels since last year's Budget. Our own economic confidence index fell to its lowest ever level in July this year, with taxes and the wider economic climate dominating concerns amongst business leaders.

'To be successful, this board needs to deliver a Budget that really works for business, with swift action to remove barriers to growth from the regulatory and tax system. We look forward to engaging constructively with the board to ensure the voice of enterprise is at the heart of its work.'

Internet link: IoD

Chancellor Rachel Reeves will look at fixing the cliff edges in business rates that can discourage small business investment and growth, according to a report from HM Treasury.

Currently when a business opens a second property, they will lose access to all Small Business Rates Relief (SBRR) unless they meet specific conditions, holding businesses back from expanding.

That means that a local bakery would have to pay thousands of pounds more for opening a small shop in the next village.

The report confirms that the government will review how SBRR can support business growth, potentially lifting growth and living standards in the future for those who work in these small businesses.

This is one of the options being explored in the Treasury's business rates interim report.

Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves, said:

'Our economy isn't broken, but it does feel stuck. That's why growth is our number one mission. We want to see thriving high streets and small businesses investing in their future, not held back by outdated rules or strangled by red tape.

'Tax reforms such as tackling cliff-edges in business rates and making reliefs fairer are vital to driving growth. We want to help small businesses expand to new premises and building an economy that works for, and rewards working people.'

Internet link: HM Treasury

The government has launched a voluntary repayment scheme to allow recipients of financial Covid support to repay outstanding money they were not entitled to or did not need with 'no questions asked'.

The government says that over £10 billion was lost to pandemic fraud, flawed contracts and waste under the previous government's pandemic era procurement and schemes. £1.54 billion has already been recovered through existing efforts.

It says it will do everything in its power to recoup money lost to Covid fraud.

All Covid schemes, including loans, grants, social security and tax benefits fall under the voluntary repayment scheme.

The government says that individuals who don't take the chance to come forward and repay outstanding money could face prosecution when it receives additional investigatory powers next year.

Changes to how director disqualification works could also see more people stopped from being involved in businesses or facing compensation orders.

A Covid fraud reporting website is also being launched to allow members of the public to report suspected fraud.

Covid Counter-Fraud Commissioner Tom Hayhoe said:

'Our message to those who still owe Covid era money is simple – pay now, clear your conscience, or face the consequences.

'This money belongs in communities, the NHS, police and armed forces. Those who don't take up this straightforward offer and have knowingly, wrongly claimed tax-payer-funded help could face prosecution, disqualification, or prison.

'The digital trail is forever, so the time to settle is now - before new investigatory powers and tougher rules come into force.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

Companies could be prosecuted and face unlimited fines if they fail to prevent fraud that their firm profits from under a new corporate offence.

The offence will hold large organisations to account if they profit from fraud. It forms part of wider measures introduced by the government to tackle fraud and protect the UK economy.

These have been introduced as part of the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act (ECCT) 2023 and came into force on 1 September.

Under the new law, which was passed with cross-Parliament support, large organisations can be held criminally liable where an employee, agent, subsidiary, or other 'associated person' commits a fraud intending to benefit the organisation.

In the event of prosecution, an organisation will now have to demonstrate to the court that it had reasonable fraud prevention measures in place at the time the fraud was committed.

Lucy Rigby KC MP, the Solicitor General, said:

'Fraud undermines our British values of fairness and playing by the rules. It hurts individuals and businesses, and harms business confidence.

'This new legislation sends a clear message that large organisations must take responsibility for preventing fraud, and those that fail to do so will be prosecuted with the full force of the law.

'This government is committed to protecting our economy and we're determined that those who don't play by the rules will be brought to book.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

Lowering the threshold for VAT registration in the Autumn Budget would breach Labour's manifesto, IPSE, the Self-Employed Association has warned.

IPSE says that the government is in a bind both politically and economically. Having ruled out tax rises on 'working people' and hiking employer National Insurance contributions (NICs) the Chancellor's options are limited.

IPSE asks, in these circumstances will Ms Reeves reform taxes rather than raising them?

Sole traders are required to register for, charge and pay VAT once their annual turnover goes over £90,000.

IPSE says this threshold can put a ceiling on the ambitions of sole traders earning close to that amount; they may be reluctant to artificially increase the price of their services by 20%, giving customers and clients a reason to buy from competitors.

Newspaper reports say that the Treasury is now considering slashing the threshold to as low as £30,000.

Fred Hicks, Senior Policy and Communications Adviser at IPSE, said:

'This would make registering for VAT unavoidable for anyone whose main source of income is from self-employment, and then some.

'Cutting the VAT registration threshold is not the same as increasing rates of VAT – even if it ultimately ends up with more people having to charge and pay it. And if this radical reform did go ahead, this may well be how government justifies it.

'But make no mistake – in IPSE's eyes, it absolutely would be a breach of their commitment – and a breach of faith – to claim that dragging people into paying a new tax is not the same as putting their taxes up.'

Internet link: IPSE

Artificial intelligence (AI) could boost the value of cross-border flows of goods and services by nearly 40% by 2040 thanks to productivity gains and lower trade costs, according to a World Trade Organization (WTO) report.

However, the report says that for AI and trade to contribute to inclusive growth policies need to be in place to bridge the digital divide, invest in workforce skills, and maintain an open and predictable trading environment.

William Bain, Head of Trade Policy at the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC), said:

'This report is a call to action for business and policymakers worldwide to ensure we realise the full benefits of AI in boosting global trade, productivity and skills.

'It identifies a possible AI premium for global economic growth of 12-13% and goods export growth of up to 37% by 2040. AI can boost exports by reducing red tape, speeding up journey times, and cutting customs delays. AI-services are also highly exportable, and can be a major source of growth, in an area where the UK is already a world leader.

'But tariff and technical barriers to trade need to be dealt with to allow AI to realise these full gains. We also need to ensure that electronic transmission of services across the world remains tariff-free.'

Internet link: WTO BCC

Failed housing transactions cost consumers and the economy at least £1.5 billion every year, according to research published by Santander.

The research says that over 530,000 transactions fall through every year due to the UK's antiquated homebuying process.

The economic analysis shows that the direct cost to consumers of this through expenditure on elements such as mortgage and solicitors' fees that consumers cannot recoup, is £560 million annually.

However, the impact is not just limited to consumers. The repercussions on the broader economy include the loss of work output due to stress and the time taken to buy a property within work hours, estimated at £380 million per year.

There is also the cost of people's reduced wellbeing, estimated to be £400 million and wasted leisure time, approximately £170 million.

David Morris, Head of Homes at Santander UK, said:

'The homebuying journey is still operating in the confines of a framework that was established a century ago. This antiquated system is an increasingly heavy anchor weighing on the economy and fixing it must be key.

'While the government has put the housing market firmly on its agenda – as this research shows - the scale of the challenge remains largely underappreciated, and that's why we're calling for powerful reforms to give buyers and sellers more confidence, ease the financial and emotional strain and create a housing system fit for the needs of today's consumers and economy.'

The Autumn Budget will be delivered on 26 November by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, HM Treasury has announced.

The Office for Budget Responsibility's latest outlook for the economy and public finances will be released on the same day.

The Budget outlines the government's plans for raising or lowering taxes and sets out its spending commitments for health, schools, police and other public services.

Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves said: 'Britain's economy isn't broken. But I know it's not working well enough for working people. Bills are high. Getting ahead feels tougher. You put more in, get less out. That has to change.

'We've got huge potential - world-leading brands, dynamic industries, brilliant universities, and a skilled workforce. We're a global hub for trade.

'Fixing the foundations has been my mission this past year … but I'm not satisfied. There's more to do. Cost of living pressures are still real.

'And we must bring inflation and borrowing costs down by keeping a tight grip on day-to-day spending through our non-negotiable fiscal rules. It's only by doing this can we afford to do the things we want to do.

'If renewal is our mission and growth are our challenge. Investment and reform are our tools. The tools to building an economy that works for you - and rewards you.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

HMRC has confirmed that 864,000 self-employed workers and landlords will be pulled into the quarterly reporting rules for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for Income Tax when it comes into force.

The first phase of MTD for Income Tax will begin next April at the start of the 2026/27 tax year. It will require individuals with a qualifying income over £50,000 to file quarterly returns using software with a final year end round out.

When businesses need to start using MTD for Income Tax depends on their qualifying income within a tax year. If their qualifying income is over:

• £50,000 for the 2024/25 tax year, they will need to use it from 6 April 2026
• £30,000 for the 2025/26 tax year, they will need to use it from 6 April 2027
• £20,000 for the 2026/27 tax year, they will need to use it from 6 April 2028

According to HMRC, around 2.9 million have a qualifying income above £20,000 and will need to join MTD for Income Tax, based on self assessment figures for 2023/24.
HMRC said:

'MTD for Income Tax is a new way for sole traders and landlords to report their income and expenses to HMRC. They will need to keep digital records and every quarter, submit simple summaries of their income and expenses to HMRC using compatible software. This is expected to reduce the tax gap by reducing the scope for error and failure to take reasonable care.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

Homebuyers are being warned to avoid Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) scams, following a landmark Court of Appeal decision.

HMRC is warning buyers to be vigilant of tax agents offering to secure (SDLT) repayments on their behalf where repairs are needed to a property they have bought.

Some agents have suggested that, for a fee, they can reclaim SDLT the buyer has already paid by saying that the property is non-residential because it's uninhabitable.

But HMRC says that making claims of this kind often leave the homeowner liable for the full amount of SDLT, plus penalties and interest.

A recent Court of Appeal judgment in the case of Mudan & Anor v HMRC has confirmed that housing in need of repair is chargeable at the residential rates of SDLT, and that repayment claims based solely on a property's condition are not valid.

HMRC says it is taking decisive action on spurious SDLT repayment claims, using civil and criminal powers.

Anthony Burke, HMRCs Deputy Director of Compliance Assets, said:

'The Court of Appeal's decision is a major win, protecting public funds. Homebuyers should be cautious of allowing someone to make a SDLT repayment claim on their behalf. If the claim is inaccurate, you could end up paying more than the amount you were trying to recover.'

Internet link: HMRC

The government is set to tackle late payments to businesses with significant legislative reforms.

Late payments cost the UK economy £11 billion a year and shut down 38 businesses every day, according to the government.

The new laws are set to give stronger powers to the Small Business Commissioner to empower them to wield fines, worth potentially millions of pounds, against the biggest firms who persistently choose to pay their suppliers late.

Following the legislation, the UK will have the toughest late payments laws in the G7, the government added.

The legislation is part of reforms to back small businesses and unlock growth as part of the Plan for Change.

Business and Trade Secretary Jonathan Reynolds said: 

'This country is home to some of the brightest entrepreneurs and innovative businesses in the world, and we want to unleash their full potential by giving them back time and money to do what they do best - growing our local economies.

'Our Small Business plan – the first in over a decade – is slashing unnecessary admin costs, making it easier for businesses to set up shop and giving SMEs the financial backing they need.

'This is our Plan for Change in action, putting more money in people's pockets, boosting local communities and ensuring Britain is a great place to do business and thrive.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

President Trump's decision to charge import duties for low value goods entering the US is a major blow to the UK's SME exporters, says the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC).

Under an Executive Order issued by the President, duties will be payable on goods valued under $800 from 29 August 2025. These will be in line with the rates applied to other goods from each country in accordance with its tariff rates.

For most UK goods export sectors this means the tariff rate they used to have plus the additional 10% reciprocal rate applied to most UK goods since April.

Alternatively, for the first six months only, a specific rate of $80 per item would apply to low value packages from the UK entering the US. After that period, the duties described above will be enforced on all packages of UK origin in scope.

William Bain, Head of Trade Policy, said:

'This development has been coming for several months but is still a major blow to UK exporters to the US. Smaller firms and sole traders, who have invested strongly in e-commerce sales internationally, will be worst hit.

'But the UK is in a comparatively advantageous position in terms of these additional duties compared with those faced by other countries.

'The EU is also likely to scrap its de minimis threshold by 2028, and the UK government is launching a review into removing the threshold here too.' 

Internet link: BCC