HMRC is urging those making money from Christmas crafts, seasonal market stalls, or selling festive items to check if they need to report their earnings.

As the festive season approaches, the tax authority has launched a Help for Hustles campaign.

This aims to remind anyone earning extra income from activities like making Christmas decorations, upcycling furniture for seasonal sales, or running market stalls, that they will need to tell HMRC if they earn more than £1,000.

The campaign's guidance explains the important distinction between simply decluttering homes by selling unwanted personal belongings – which doesn't usually require reporting to HMRC – and trading activities like making items to sell for profit, which may be taxable.

Anyone who earned more than £1,000 from side hustles in the 2024 to 2025 tax year will need to register for self assessment as a sole trader, file their return and pay any tax due by 31 January 2026.

Kevin Hubbard, HMRC's Director of Individuals & Small Business Compliance, said:

'Whether you're making handmade Christmas decorations, selling upcycled furniture, or running a seasonal market stall, it's important to understand when your festive side hustle becomes taxable trading.

'Nobody wants an unexpected tax bill, so anyone earning more than £1,000 from their side hustle should tell HMRC. Our Help for Hustles campaign provides clear, straightforward guidance to help people get their tax right.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

The Chartered Institute of Taxation (CIOT) has urged the government to implement a transitional rule to allow older farmers and other business owners to gift assets to the younger generation free of Inheritance Tax (IHT) before changes take effect in April 2026.

Current rules incentivise farmers to keep their farms until their deaths, the CIOT stated in a submission to an inquiry by the House of Lords. Its proposed changes would reverse these incentives and promote lifetime giving.

However, for older farmers where there is a risk that they could die within seven years of making a lifetime gift (but after April 2026), the gift would be ineffective for IHT purposes. According to the CIOT, a 'cliff edge' is thus created on 6 April 2026.

It has suggested that the risk could be mitigated by amending legislation so that any gifts of relievable assets made between 30 October 2024 and 5 April 2026 would continue to benefit from the old rules even if the farmer died within seven years.

John Barnett, Vice President of the CIOT, said:

'We are concerned that bringing in changes to agricultural and business reliefs with a cliff-edge date of 6 April 2026 is leading to great anxiety among older clients as they are unlikely to survive seven years and therefore are unlikely to see making gifts as a solution.

'We think that there is a straightforward and relatively low-cost transitional rule that could address this concern: allowing gifts made between now and April to continue to qualify for the 100% relief currently available. 

'While this is not a complete solution to the problem – there may be some for whom making a gift is impractical or impossible if they have lost capacity – it should significantly reduce the risk as it gives a viable and straightforward alternative.'

Internet link: CIOT

Official statistics have overstated the size of the UK's self-employed population for two decades, according to the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS).

The share of national income flowing to those with the highest incomes has also been over-estimated, adds the think tank.

The mismeasurement stems from a longstanding error in the Survey of Personal Incomes (SPI) - a dataset created by HMRC, derived from tax returns and widely used across government for internal modelling.

The number of people with self-employment income has long been smaller than official statistics suggest. Between 2002/03 and 2017/18, the SPI overcounted the number of individuals with income from sole trading or partnerships by more than 500,000 each year on average - an overestimate of around 14%.

Rapid growth in self-employment is a more recent phenomenon than previously estimated. The SPI suggests a steady rise in self-employment since 2000, but the new data show that growth was in fact much slower before 2009/10, only matching growth rates seen in the SPI after the financial crisis.

Isaac Delestre, Senior Research Economist at the IFS, said:

'The rise of self-employed work has been one of the most important features of the UK labour market over the last 20 years.

'But these new data reveal a different narrative to the one told by official statistics – with the period preceding the financial crisis showing much slower growth in the self-employed population than we previously thought. That begs the question: what changed after the financial crisis that led to an acceleration in the growth of self-employment?'

Internet link: IFS

UK bank customers will benefit from an increase to the maximum amount they would be reimbursed for if their bank were to fail from 1 December, the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) has confirmed.

From December, the deposit protection limit, which applies to the Financial Services Compensation Scheme, will protect up to £120,000 of a depositor's money should their bank, building society or credit union fail.

This increases the limit from the current £85,000 which was set in 2017. It is also more than the previous PRA proposal of £110,000, which the regulator has changed due to consultation feedback and the latest inflation data.

This increase in the deposit protection limit is the latest in a series of regulatory thresholds to be updated by the PRA.

Sam Woods, Deputy Governor for Prudential Regulation at the Bank of England and CEO of the PRA said:

'This change will help maintain the public's confidence in the safety of their money. It means that depositors will be protected up to £120,000 should their bank, building society or credit union fail. Public confidence supports the strength of our financial system.'

Internet link: Bank of England

The British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) has warned that the UK could fall behind in the race to achieve net zero.

Research carried out by global management consulting firm McKinsey and Company showed that the transition to net zero could potentially be worth more than £1 trillion to UK business by 2030.

A survey of more than 2,000 firms revealed that 43% believe costs are 'significant barriers' in transitioning to net zero. 34% stated a lack of finance prevented them from transitioning.

The BCC has called on the government to address gaps in funding; combat skills shortages; and ensure stability in regard to policies.

Shevaun Haviland, Director General of the BCC, said:

'The UK has the businesses, ideas and talent to lead the world in low-carbon innovation.

'But without urgent action, we risk falling behind in the global race for green growth.

'We need ministers to work with business to tear down the barriers on finance, skills and policy that are holding too many firms back.'

Internet link: BCC

One in six employers expect AI to shrink their workforce over the next year, with junior roles most at risk, according to a survey conducted by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD).

Almost two thirds of those surveyed believe that clerical, junior managerial, professional or administrative roles are most likely to be lost because of AI.

The risk is highest in large private sector firms, where 26% expect headcount to fall, compared with 17% in the private sector overall and 20% in the public sector.

Among those who expect headcount to reduce because of AI in the next 12 months, a quarter expect to lose more than 10% of their workforce.

James Cockett, Senior Labour Market Economist at the CIPD, said:

'AI is transforming the way many people work and has great potential for improving productivity and performance, but it also risks leaving many people behind.

'Junior roles stand to be most affected by AI, but we need a national drive to retrain and upskill people of all ages and career stages. It's crucial that we see rapid progress on the development of the Growth and Skills Levy, informed by genuine consultation with employers, to ensure workers are equipped with the skills for an AI-driven economy.'

Internet link: CIPD

New company car advisory fuel rates have been published and took effect from 1 December 2025.

The guidance states: 'you can use the previous rates for up to one month from the date the new rates apply'. The rates only apply to employees using a company car.

The advisory fuel rates for journeys undertaken on or after 1 December 2025 are:

HMRC guidance states that the rates only apply when you either:

• reimburse employees for business travel in their company cars
• require employees to repay the cost of fuel used for private travel.

You must not use these rates in any other circumstances.

The Advisory Electricity Rate for fully electric cars is below. Electricity is not a fuel for car fuel benefit purposes.

If you would like to discuss your company car policy, please contact us.

Internet link: GOV.UK AFR

Chancellor Rachel Reeves should use the Autumn Budget to reform the UK's tax system, says the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS).

The think tank says this would help Ms Reeves to raise more revenue while limiting the hit to the economy.

The IFS warns the Chancellor against raising the levels of existing taxes to bring in the estimated £30 billion she requires to stay on course for her targets to repair the public finances.

Changes to wealth-related taxes, including Capital Gains Tax, would be more effective than the introduction of an annual wealth tax, the think tank added.

Isaac Delestre, a Senior Research Economist at IFS, said:

'Revenue-raising seems likely to be a major goal of the coming Budget. But if Rachel Reeves limits her ambition to collecting more revenue, she will have fallen short.

'Almost any package of tax rises is likely to weigh on growth, but by tackling some of the inefficiency and unfairness in our existing tax system, the Chancellor could limit the economic damage.

'The last thing we need in November is directionless tinkering and half-baked fixes. There is an opportunity here. The Chancellor should use this Budget to take real steps down the road towards a more rational tax system that is better geared to promoting the prosperity and well-being of taxpayers.'

Internet link: IFS

HMRC has resumed its programme allowing direct recovery of money from debtors' bank accounts.

The Direct Recovery of Debts (DRD) policy, which was paused during the Covid-19 pandemic, has restarted in a 'test and learn' phase', the tax authority has confirmed.

DRD targets individuals and businesses who can afford to pay their debts but deliberately choose not to, HMRC said.

This power enables HMRC to compel banks and building societies to transfer funds directly from a debtor's account. It applies to debts of £1,000 or more, with safeguards against undue hardship and for vulnerable customers.

Before debts are considered for recovery through DRD, every debtor will receive a face-to-face visit from HMRC agents to personally identify the taxpayer to confirm it is their debt and to discuss options to resolve the debt.

Safeguards include only taking action against those who have established debts, have passed the timetable for appeals, and have repeatedly ignored HMRC's attempts to make contact.

The safeguards also include leaving a minimum of £5,000 in the debtor's accounts to ensure that sufficient money is available to pay wages, mortgages or essential business or household expenses.

HMRC said:

'The vast majority of taxpayers pay their taxes in full and on time, but a minority choose not to pay, even though they have the means to do so.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

There is now less than a year until the UK Government introduces Vaping Products Duty (VPD) and vaping duty stamps (VDS) on 1 October 2026.

VPD, a new excise duty, will apply to all vaping liquids (or e-liquids) sold or supplied in the UK, at a flat rate of £2.20 per 10ml and VDS must be attached to individual vaping products.

From 1 April 2026, any business involved in the manufacture or importation of vaping products, or storage of duty-suspended vaping products, must apply for approval from HMRC. This will enable them to continue operating lawfully in the UK once VPD and the VDS Scheme come into effect.

With just six months until approval registration opens, HMRC is urging all affected businesses to prepare now to avoid disruption as approval may take up to 45 working days.

What this means for businesses:

• UK manufacturers of vaping products must apply for approval for both VPD and the VDS Scheme.
• Warehouse keepers will be able to apply for VDS Scheme approval directly.
• Overseas manufacturers must appoint a UK representative to apply for the VDS Scheme on their behalf.
• Importers will be required to pay the new duty. They must also register for VPD and the VDS Scheme if they are acting as a UK representative for an overseas manufacturer.

Rachel Nixon, HMRC's Director of Indirect Tax, said:

'We are working closely with the vaping sector ahead of these changes. Businesses are encouraged to visit GOV.UK and search 'prepare for vaping duty' to access guidance and updates. Early preparation is essential to ensure a smooth transition and to avoid disruption to operations.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has appointed six independent industry specialists to a new Research and Development (R&D) Expert Advisory Panel.

The introduction of the panel is one of a number of practical enhancements that the tax authority says will make it easier for UK firms to understand R&D tax relief.

R&D tax reliefs are valuable incentives designed to encourage businesses to invest in innovative science and technology projects, driving economic growth across the UK.

These improvements include an expanded reporting channel for agents; and a user-friendly free online tool to help businesses check their eligibility before submitting a R&D claim.

HMRC says that together, these enhancements are designed to support business innovation, improve claim accuracy, and strive to make the system work for everyone.

The new panel brings together experts with real world experience, offering deep sectoral knowledge across manufacturing, technological development, life sciences and AI, says HMRC.

Jonathan Athow, HMRC's Director General, Customer Strategy and Tax Design, said:

'HMRC welcomes the advisory panel and their sectoral insight and expertise. Along with the new guidance tool, we are delivering on feedback from agents and businesses, making it easier for genuine innovators to access the support they deserve, while protecting the system from abuse.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has opened up a service for landlords and self-employed to apply for exemption from Making Tax Digital (MTD) for Income Tax phase one.

From next April, people who are self-employed and landlords, and declare more than £50,000 of gross income in their 2024/25 self assessment tax return, will be legally required to follow the new MTD for Income Tax rules from April 2026 onwards.

Anyone who thinks they may be eligible for exemption must phone or write to HMRC. Third parties such as relatives and agents can do this on behalf of taxpayers if they are authorised. It will take up to 28 days for HMRC to respond with a decision.

Sharron West, Technical Officer at the Low Incomes Tax Reform Group (LITRG), said:

'Because HMRC will deal with applications on a case-by-case basis, we don't yet know how generous their interpretation of the rules will be, but we know that HMRC are keen to see as many people as possible manage their taxes online.

'If you are already exempt from MTD for VAT, HMRC say you should contact them when the exemption application process opens so they can check your circumstances and confirm if you'll also be exempt from MTD for Income Tax.

'The clock is ticking and it's time to get ready.'

Internet link: GOV.UK Chartered Institute of Taxation

New legislation aimed at tackling rogue tax agents and those pushing tax avoidance schemes won't catch all of those it is aimed at, warns the Chartered Institute of Taxation (CIOT).

Instead the measures could make it harder for some taxpayers to get the advice they need to comply with tax laws, the Institute added.

The CIOT argues that the current proposals are not well targeted, imposing potentially unworkable conditions on tax agents. Meanwhile, many of the 'bad actors' who are the real target of these measures will be out of scope and able to continue their abuse of the system, it adds.

The Institute says it is concerned that, without changes, the proposals will lead many reputable advisers to withdraw from giving advice where the meaning of complex tax legislation is unclear, or where the potential tax liability is high.

Ellen Milner, CIOT Director of Public Policy, said:

'The government are right to be taking a robust approach to those who continue to devise, promote or sell mass-marketed tax avoidance schemes. There should be no place for such people and their schemes in the tax services market.

'However, the current proposals are set to miss their target. According to HMRC, the market for tax avoidance schemes is now dominated by about 20 operators. These people are not mainstream tax and accountancy professionals and are largely based overseas. The legislation as drafted will struggle to capture these people.'

Internet link: CIOT

Over 750,000 18-to-23-year-olds have yet to claim their matured Child Trust Funds, according to HMRC.

The tax authority says that the accounts are worth £2,242 each on average.

Child Trust Funds are long term, tax-free savings accounts which were set up for children born between 1 September 2002 and 2 January 2011 with an initial government deposit of at least £250.

Young people can take control of their account at 16, but once the account holder turns 18 it matures, and they can decide whether they want to withdraw the money or re-invest it.

Young people can use the GOV.UK locator tool to find their Child Trust Fund quickly and for free. It requires the young person's National Insurance number and date of birth.

More than 563,000 young people went online to find their Child Trust Fund in the 12 months to the end of August 2025, says HMRC.

It takes about five minutes to submit a request to find a Child Trust Fund using the online tool and, for most, less than three weeks to hear back.

Angela MacDonald, HMRC's Second Permanent Secretary and Deputy Chief Executive, said:

'If you're between 18 and 23, you could be sat on a savings payout and not even realise it. Just search 'find my Child Trust Fund' on GOV.UK to find your savings account today.'

Internet link: HMRC press release

HMRC has published the latest issue of the Employer Bulletin. The October issue has information on various topics, including:

• Making your PAYE Settlement Agreement payment.
• Guidance for labour supply chains featuring umbrella companies.
• New Advisory Electric Rate for fully electric company cars.
• Spotlight 71 - Warning for agency workers and contractors who are moved between umbrella companies.
• 'Tax Help for Hustles' campaign - new resources for employees.
• Update on Winter Fuel Payments recovery through the tax system.

Internet link: GOV.UK

Chancellor Rachel Reeves has been urged to cut National Insurance contributions (NICs) and increase Income Tax to create a 'level playing field' and protect workers' pay.

The Resolution Foundation said the Chancellor should make a 2p cut to NICs as well as a 2p rise in Income Tax in the Autumn Budget.

The think tank said the move would help to address 'unfairness' in the tax system.

Adam Corlett, Principal Economist at the Resolution Foundation, said: 'Significant tax rises will be needed for the Chancellor to send a clear signal that the UK's public finances are under control.

'Any tax rises are likely to be painful but given the fallout from the recent employer NICs rise, the Chancellor should do all she can to avoid loading further pain onto workers' pay packets.

'She can do this by switching our tax base away from employee NICs and onto Income Tax, which is paid by a far broader group in society. This should form part of wider efforts to level the playing field on tax, such as ensuring that lawyers and landlords face the same tax rates as their clients and tenants.

'These sensible reforms would raise revenue while doing the least possible harm to workers and the wider economy. And by acting decisively, the Chancellor can turn her full attention back onto securing stronger economic growth.'

Internet link: Resolution Foundation

The government's Budget Board must focus on easing the cost of doing business, says the Institute of Directors (IoD).

The board has been created to link top ministers and 10 Downing Street officials with the Treasury in the run up to the Autumn Budget on 26 November.

The board will meet weekly and will be chaired by the Prime Minister's new economic advisor Baroness Minouche Shafik and Treasury Minister Torsten Bell.

Anna Leach, Chief Economist at the IoD, said:

'We are glad to see the government putting renewed energy into the growth agenda with a particular focus on business.

'It is positive that the government has announced the creation of this body, bringing together teams across Number 10 and the Treasury, focussed on ensuring that the Autumn Budget delivers vitality to the economy.

'Business confidence has fallen to historically low levels since last year's Budget. Our own economic confidence index fell to its lowest ever level in July this year, with taxes and the wider economic climate dominating concerns amongst business leaders.

'To be successful, this board needs to deliver a Budget that really works for business, with swift action to remove barriers to growth from the regulatory and tax system. We look forward to engaging constructively with the board to ensure the voice of enterprise is at the heart of its work.'

Internet link: IoD

Chancellor Rachel Reeves will look at fixing the cliff edges in business rates that can discourage small business investment and growth, according to a report from HM Treasury.

Currently when a business opens a second property, they will lose access to all Small Business Rates Relief (SBRR) unless they meet specific conditions, holding businesses back from expanding.

That means that a local bakery would have to pay thousands of pounds more for opening a small shop in the next village.

The report confirms that the government will review how SBRR can support business growth, potentially lifting growth and living standards in the future for those who work in these small businesses.

This is one of the options being explored in the Treasury's business rates interim report.

Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves, said:

'Our economy isn't broken, but it does feel stuck. That's why growth is our number one mission. We want to see thriving high streets and small businesses investing in their future, not held back by outdated rules or strangled by red tape.

'Tax reforms such as tackling cliff-edges in business rates and making reliefs fairer are vital to driving growth. We want to help small businesses expand to new premises and building an economy that works for, and rewards working people.'

Internet link: HM Treasury

The government has launched a voluntary repayment scheme to allow recipients of financial Covid support to repay outstanding money they were not entitled to or did not need with 'no questions asked'.

The government says that over £10 billion was lost to pandemic fraud, flawed contracts and waste under the previous government's pandemic era procurement and schemes. £1.54 billion has already been recovered through existing efforts.

It says it will do everything in its power to recoup money lost to Covid fraud.

All Covid schemes, including loans, grants, social security and tax benefits fall under the voluntary repayment scheme.

The government says that individuals who don't take the chance to come forward and repay outstanding money could face prosecution when it receives additional investigatory powers next year.

Changes to how director disqualification works could also see more people stopped from being involved in businesses or facing compensation orders.

A Covid fraud reporting website is also being launched to allow members of the public to report suspected fraud.

Covid Counter-Fraud Commissioner Tom Hayhoe said:

'Our message to those who still owe Covid era money is simple – pay now, clear your conscience, or face the consequences.

'This money belongs in communities, the NHS, police and armed forces. Those who don't take up this straightforward offer and have knowingly, wrongly claimed tax-payer-funded help could face prosecution, disqualification, or prison.

'The digital trail is forever, so the time to settle is now - before new investigatory powers and tougher rules come into force.'

Internet link: GOV.UK

Companies could be prosecuted and face unlimited fines if they fail to prevent fraud that their firm profits from under a new corporate offence.

The offence will hold large organisations to account if they profit from fraud. It forms part of wider measures introduced by the government to tackle fraud and protect the UK economy.

These have been introduced as part of the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act (ECCT) 2023 and came into force on 1 September.

Under the new law, which was passed with cross-Parliament support, large organisations can be held criminally liable where an employee, agent, subsidiary, or other 'associated person' commits a fraud intending to benefit the organisation.

In the event of prosecution, an organisation will now have to demonstrate to the court that it had reasonable fraud prevention measures in place at the time the fraud was committed.

Lucy Rigby KC MP, the Solicitor General, said:

'Fraud undermines our British values of fairness and playing by the rules. It hurts individuals and businesses, and harms business confidence.

'This new legislation sends a clear message that large organisations must take responsibility for preventing fraud, and those that fail to do so will be prosecuted with the full force of the law.

'This government is committed to protecting our economy and we're determined that those who don't play by the rules will be brought to book.'

Internet link: GOV.UK